Albumin/Globulin (A/G) Ratio Calculator

About this calculator

The albumin/globulin (A/G) ratio compares the two main protein fractions in blood: albumin, made almost entirely by the liver, and globulin, the combined weight of immune, transport and enzyme proteins (calculated as total protein minus albumin). It is a simple division — albumin divided by globulin — but the number carries real diagnostic weight because the two fractions tend to move in opposite directions in disease.

A normal A/G ratio is roughly 1.1 to 2.5, meaning albumin is typically somewhat higher than globulin. A low ratio can point to conditions that either drop albumin (liver cirrhosis, nephrotic syndrome, malnutrition) or raise globulin (chronic inflammation, autoimmune disease, and especially multiple myeloma, where a monoclonal antibody spike pushes globulin up sharply). A high ratio is less common but can appear with certain immune deficiencies or high-dose corticosteroid use.

Clinicians order this as part of a comprehensive metabolic panel or a dedicated total-protein panel, using the A/G ratio alongside liver enzymes and kidney function tests to narrow down whether an abnormal total protein result is coming from the liver, the kidneys, or the immune system.